Earth: In The Eye Of The Storm

Today Disbelieving in Climate Change is in Fact Impossible

For centuries our understanding of the world have been shaping our survival.

Humans have been hunting, exploring and colonising the earth for many years now. In different regions of the earth we encountered different people, with their tribes and costumes. Some groups of people were found to have lived for many generations in one single region of the planet. They genealogy can go back to an extraordinary extend, connecting them to kings and Queens of the old world.

On ancient civilisations we know there were generations of families and tribes, adapting to the climate, and preservation of their own food chain system, adapting their ways of farming and gathering food, following the patterns and changes on the weather of the region which they were living in, as much as shaping their own way of living around planet earth if migrating. Man and nature were much more connected than we are Today.

Ancient tribes didn't spoke about 'climate change', but they knew about the effects of changing the landscape on their own surroundings. Ancient civilisations spoke about astrology, astronomy, Mathematics, the weather and seasons of the regions of the earth, they knew about their own ancient civilisation costumes and way of living. They spoke about ways of survival when the weather changed and how did they stored food for the winter for example. They spoke about the moon changing and how it affected plantations and their best time of the year to plant certain crops. They spoke about seasonal foods and how to grow those using underground water systems and utilising their own labour farming, or like the Egyptians, using slaves. Societies were divided and explored in different ways.

During the 1200's AD, the world especially in Europe had changed. Populations had more understanding about other civilisations way of living, practices and also riches. Some civilisations knew how to navigate around the world. The greatest years of navigation were followed by exploration by far and distant lands. The European became one of the most ferocious explorers on earth, in search of richer lands, they started a revolution. It wasn't long that man, would discover that with the maritime expansions, there were also the ambition in discovering a promised land. The maritime expansions also set the world into a wide type of bloody wars. Piracy, Colonisation and land-grabbing could be stretched far and beyond from home and blessed by the European Church - The Papal Bulls were laws that gave lands to chosen nations.

During some civilisations encounters, conflict were most expected. Some Clerics of the times were considered warriors, navigators, more than also priests, and not necessarily only having as duty managing churches and places of worship, but deployed as war soldiers. And throughout the centuries we see them being reborn in different societies, in many different ways. A great example of those still be seen Today. In undeveloped regions of the earth, religious groups are carrying on a similar fight to protect land and food chains of their own people. They fight are carried with military ammunition, mostly are composed by rebellious groups of young boys and religious leaders, some goes even further separating themselves from any type of organisations and separating themselves from the laws of their own states. For them too, progress brought destruction of their way of living and changed weather patterns, killing their entire food chain system. These groups, mostly religious, found a new way of survival through para-military groups inside their own territories. Losing their faith on state administration and on the so called world leaders. They decided to take matters to their own hands, they detached themselves from the world as we know it and modern way of living. Declaring war on industrialisation and consecutively most western nations. All military groups formed Today are considered rebels or terrorist groups against the state by any western nation.

The term climate change during the 1200's didn't existed and international-or-regional agreements to protect some regions, were none but forgotten by the so called 'civilised group' of the era. Matters of basic survival were decided by disputes influenced by leaders of such states and by the sword. Leaving the results to be won between losers and winners. Many would think it still look a little bit like this even Today. Until 1700's some British sovereign kings still went to war. King George II for example, at the age of 60, was the last British sovereign to fight alongside his soldiers, at the battle of Dettingen in 1743, in Germany, again the English were fighting against the French. Our Kings and Queens Today wouldn't be able to willingly agree to become foot soldiers themselves, it wouldn't be acceptable to step in war zones for battle, not at least for matters of health and safety, but also for matters of principles and heart. It is also against the law.

The Monarchy we have in Britain for example became separated from the politics of the country. Today a Constitutional Monarchy is in place followed with a democratic representative government. Where the Prime Minister will administrate, not the monarch, although the monarch, King or Queen, still the head of the state and regions of the Commonwealth, they do not get involved in the politics of the state, as an elected Prime Minister does.

Nowadays, citizens from different countries are sent abroad, sometimes not even citizens of one distinctive nation are sent to defend those states either, if in turmoil against another, members of other states are too sent to different states for resolutions of disputes, for example on agreements, alliances and treaties between those countries which imply them to wok with England's Kingdom and allies. We Today keep our Kings and Queens literally at home, navigating a familiar environment to them, even in times of war and climate change, we keep things such as 'international relations' going, as at Wimbledon for example, charity events or red carpets of films and theatres, where the nobility, and the upper class individuals, together with sportsman and woman, who also are engaged in helping on international relations as much as we are, as common citizens, are found mingling together, as part of a way of life. Today our world is managed using a complex and different system than our ancient ancestors, although we kept much of the traditions, which we see in display by following different laws, protocols and rules to each of any individual states that were and are stablished for our own common living. We also have more understanding of other regions of the earth and wars.

Understanding wars matter. Especially when speaking of climate changing.

We still going into war Today. Modern Day state systems use mostly contractors in times of war, supplied with the most greatest technologies in the world, prepared before us, citizens, to step in matters of war for example or industrialisation. And they do destroy, invade and conquer for 'us' many different areas in many different places of the earth and space, which include other countries systems, such as economy, health and education. Then there is the biggest matters of them all (everyone would've thought to be children, although for parents they are the ultimate priority, they aren't for matters of government management and war) - The Climate Change Today is one of the ultimate worries. And although we know that for a fact, some developed countries still pressurising some regions of the world with war. It doesn't help with the climate. We talk much about what needs to be done, but actions are fallen short, by world leaders and earth is entering on borrowed time, scientists agreed with that. No matter how much climate change was a problem back then, it is evident more than ever now. The difference is, by following our own footsteps in history, from habits and patterns of human destruction, man found an alliance in technology. It could've been said that we are in a step forward for a solution, or at least to get as close to one as ever, but some would argue that with technology and the manipulation of redirected fund used mostly by the wealthiest nations in the world and privatisation of sectors and researches, that more discoveries could also actually been causing more tragedies. Generational influences on way of living indicate us, that with technology at our disposal, the wealthiest nations on the planet keep taking advantage of it over other nations, perpetuating what for centuries, are the major struggles on those places and regions, and literally driving populations to death or on a forced way of living in the most dangerous parts of the world. On places where battles have been happening for decades, or even centuries, it keeps poverty as a way of living. The problem still obscure, and most of the times not even evident to the population of those areas. Nations that for centuries perished for food, water and basic survival for example, will be condemned to keep doing so or to vanish completely. We are not only having tornados and forest fires, but water contamination, flooding and ultimate natural destructions happening.

Analising other eras in human history, showed us that sometimes the transition between one group of warriors to another was not a gradual transition, but followed by continuous destruction of one way of living while implementing another. And this happened by groups who were more or less likely to be equally strong and using similar tactics of war or in extreme disadvantage from the other. If there were major disadvantages, we would see the winners most likely changing the landscape and way of living of the conquered nation almost instantly and completely. During 1206 AD for example, while in England king John was losing his duchies of Normandy and Anjou, among other territories to France and battles were most equally fought between nations with the same similar level of military force and power, countries as we known Today as Brazil, Australia and the entire American's Continents for example didn't even existed as 'civilised nations' before colonisation. During years and years of war extravaganza and political indifferences in England between King John and his own distant relatives, they too lost their own natural senses of farming or what was left of it by their own Viking ancestors or their predecessors. The Norman conquest in England, changed the country and the world forever. It initiated the beginning of the mass building of churches, Castles, Fortifications and political structural buildings such as Cathedrals in the whole of history of England, United Kingdom and also Europe. Before the Norman Conquest there were no modern architectural Castles in Britain, Westminster as we know Today, never existed before. The Normans were state builders, seafarers, having had their own forefathers as the most skilled man of their times, The Vikings, as one of the strongest warrior nations in Europe and possibly the world. They changed completely the shape and landscape of the area they were living in, the habits and way of living of other nations, they way of farming and administrating were unique, and in England and beyond its territories, wherever they lived and especially in England, it became evident how they way of living was. One of the most impactful events in the history of the world was the Norman Conquest in England at the time.

Paul Kingsnorth, a english writer, while doing a research for his new book, a novel set in the aftermath of the Norman conquest of 1066 (The Wake), in the Bodleian library, a complex of twenty eight libraries that serves the University of Oxford, realised that apart from the Battle of Hastings that everyone learns at school, he began to understand the impact of that war. By the end of the process he realised a disquieting conclusion that we until this very day still being governed by Normans. Much of what he learned is that immediately after William won the war, his first action in Britain in 1067, was to declare that every acre of land in England now belonged to the monarch. This was unprecedented. England before, was a land of Anglo-saxon landowners, and as soon as the conquest was established, there was only one: William the Conqueror. He also divided the land with those who fought with him at Hastings, his followers, which later became known as Barons. This was the beginning of Feudalism. The Dukes and Earls Today who still owning much of the nation's land, and who feature on the country richest's list. Are the same beneficiaries that followed 1066 land division of England. William's 22nd great-granddaughter, is Queen Elizabeth II, who legally owns the whole of England. Anglo-Saxon Kings in medieval times before William, were elected. So Today when comes the time for prince Charles to gets the throne (He as Duke of Cornwall, a land also given to Brian of Brittany in 1068, for helping to defeating the Anglo-Saxons in 1066 at Hastings), he too will keep inheriting the whole of the country's land as the ultimate owner. And that's not all. What Paul realised is that land ownership also meant people's freedom of movement ownership. It sounds as bizarre as it actually is.

A study in October 2013 also showed that surnames such as Darcy, Percy, Mandeville or Montgomery for example, even after 27 generations after the Norman invasion, these too were the names that dominated the list on the student rolls at Oxford and Cambridge Universities. One of the most prestigious Universities in the world. The unchallenged status of great wealth has meant that the same names who were at the top of the social scale in the time of William the Conqueror remain among the elite now. The researches was carried by the London School of Economics, by Dr Neil Cummins and professor Gregory Clark. What the researches showed is that mobility in England is hardly greater than in medieval times, and that people inherited their social status even more than they inherit their height (DNA and/or Genetics). Norman surnames also are the ones among elite occupations such as medicine, law and politics until this day.

Paul Kingsnorth realised that William controlling the land, also controlled how people would live for the rest of their lives. Their mobility meant that, if controlled by a 'master', it also would determine how people would perished during the rest of their lives - by controlling the rebellious populace, the few anglo-saxon remaining in the country and villages, William become one of the biggest state builders in the world at that time, William not only used the remaining anglo-saxons left in England to rebuild a new society but to establish his own reign for generations to come. This method of colonisation was later used by the Normans in Ireland, Scotland and Wales, when they expanded their Empire throughout the Celtic Nations. Changing its landscape and way of living forever. The Doomsday book created by William the Conqueror was basically a tax collector's manual, which deepened rural poverty to enrich the monarchy. Those regions and way of living were never the same after the Norman Conquest.

The Battle of Hastings is considered by some historians not only the year of the Conquest, but also the year of an apartheid, that happened in English soil. The Normans in 1066 by invading England from France and winning, succeeded with war and destruction, wiping an entire culture off the earth and automatically substituting it with another, their own - a mixture of Viking barbarians with French nobility - The French avoided this same apartheid by marrying one of their own, a princess, with one of their Viking's chieftain when invaded, Rollo, decades before 1066, to not only avoid a bloodshed but to also establish their own agreement of peace between these cultures. This is when the region of Normandy became a Duchy.

In 1066, French warriors were already descendants of Vikings, Barbarians but also nobles, related to the monarchy of the era themselves, becoming a very powerful group of individuals. The Normans were one of the most strongest man of their times. When the Vikings invaded France decades before arriving in England. Coming from a line of Barbarians from Scandinavia, a name was given just to distinguish them after the agreement of peace and settlement with the French. Normans. They changed the region of Normandy forever with their arrival, the social and economic structure of the region instead of battles, destruction and rivalry against the king saw, loyalty and a renaissance for the era. Normandy area was reinvented, with Vikings mingling with the French native, where knowledge of the area, ecosystems and social-cultural and economic structures flourished together. The Vikings passed their knowledge to french natives to navigate the world as their own forefathers before them did, and the most skilled warriors in England or France at the time couldn't even imagined. The Normans were horseback warriors, with extreme strength and tactics of war, reckless in the battle field and outstanding state builders for that time and era. When William arrived in England in 1066, it was to conquer, the native English anglo-saxon woman of the time, one of the few spared from death by William the Conqueror after the battle, were the ones that actually kept the language alive, by bearing children with the Norman soldiers and teaching English to the newborns of the era. These woman also played a role in shaping the new community that was forming. Times of mass prosperity with mass destruction arrived in English soil, something never seen before the dark ages and during anglo-saxon times. England set afoot one of the most modern systems of state management of the European era. To become one of the strongest and prosperous countries in the world ever since.

During the years of 1206 AD, while King John was 'settled' in England as descendant of Normans and Viking warriors and having his own troubles by re-engaging in wars with France and other areas, including conflicts within Britain and its own Barons. At the other side of the globe was one of the biggest warriors of his own time and era. Genghis Khan. Kahn was just beginning his own revolution, through what became called in history, The Mongol Invasions. With a horse-crazed bow-wielding military force that swept through much of modern-day Asia into the Middle East and Eastern Europe. Yes the world sounded a place in turmoil at times, with different battles in different places and yet in crises very much like Today. And aside from Khan creating the world's most largest Empire ever for that era, the Mongol invasions had another global impact that was hidden in history silently and almost to anyone who actually lived throughout those times. Kahn changed the entire planet earth ecosystem patterns. (And also the entire human race DNA - as the Normans, Mongol soldiers spared some native woman from areas of invasion from death, consequently bearing children with them - This included Kahn. And in 2003 studies found evidence that Genghis Kahn DNA is present in about 16 million men alive Today. - For surprise he is not the only one who left this evidence, some studies shown that other rulers left their DNA mark on the planet population too).

Between DNA and Climate change. Our destructive footprint on earth kept growing.

It was only in 2011, according to Julia Pongratz, a researcher from the Carnegie Institution's Department of Global Ecology, that it became evident that Genghis Kahn alone with his army and Empire, which lasted nearly two centuries, did in fact not only achieved great victories in battle against the muslim world, it did something much greater and far damaging. Kahn's army and Empire cooled the entire ecosystems on planet earth.

"It's a common misconception that the human impact on climate change began with the large-scale burning of coal and oil in the industrial era," says Pongratz, lead author of the study in a press release at the time, adding:"Actually humans started to influence the environment thousands of years ago, by changing the vegetation cover of the Earth's landscapes when we cleared forests for agriculture." And the cause was discovered by actually studying the reforestation of Khan's era on planet earth and regions he affected. The Massacre the Mongolian Army left behind after battles and the burning of towns, with bodies of soldiers from both sides let rotten on open ground, mass-depopulating areas in a speed never seen before. With less people, large swathes of cultivated fields eventually returned to forests, absorbing carbon from the entire atmosphere, on the region and consecutively on the entire ecosystem on planet earth.

The study published in The Holocene, Pongratz along with Carnegie colleague, Ken Caldeira, and German colleagues at the Max Planck Institute of Meteorology compiled a model of global land cover beginning in 800 AD. She followed four historical events closely, which she theorised could have impacted the climate due to the return of forests after depopulation: the Black Death in Europe (at the end of the 14th Century), the fall of China’s Ming Dynasty (at the last half of the 17th Century), the conquest of the Americas (at the 16th and 17th Centuries), and the Mongol invasion of the 13th and 14th Century.

“We found that during the short events such as the Black Death and the Ming Dynasty collapse, the forest re-growth wasn’t enough to overcome the emissions from decaying material in the soil,” explains Pongratz. “But during the longer-lasting ones like the Mongol invasion and the conquest of the Americas there was enough time for the forests to re-grow and absorb significant amounts of carbon.”

The Mongol invasion had the most significant impact. According to the study’s accounting, re-growth of forests during the Mongol invasion absorbed 700 million tons of carbon from the atmosphere, equaling the amount of carbon global society now produces annually from gasoline.

Pongratz argues that her study has relevance for the world’s current climate crisis: “Today about a quarter of the net primary production on the Earth’s land surface is used by humans in some way, mostly through agriculture. […]. In the past we have had a substantial impact on global climate and the carbon cycle, but it was all unintentional. Based on the knowledge we have gained from the past, we are now in a position to make land-use decisions that will diminish our impact on climate and the carbon cycle. We cannot ignore the knowledge we have gained.”

At that time, the consequences of climate change and ecosystems weren't much known. Although we know climate change did not begin with the exhaust fumes of industrialisation alone, it is supported that it has been a permanent feature of human existence and its own way of living, and mostly patterns of destruction.

In August 2008, researchers from the University of Florida uncovered evidences to support a long controversial theory, that parts of the Amazon were home to dense “urban” settlements prior to the arrival of Europeans in the 15th century. The study, published in the journal Science. Conducting archeological excavations and aerial imagery across a number of sites in the Upper Xingu region of the Brazilian Amazon, had a team of researchers led by Michael Heckenberger, founding evidence of a grid-like pattern of 150-acre towns and smaller villages, connected by complex road networks and arranged around large plazas where public rituals would've had taken place centuries ago. The authors argued that the discoveries does indicate parts of the Amazon supported “urban” societies based around agriculture, forest management, and fish farming. He went further, saying that while none of the discovered towns were as large as the largest medieval or Greek towns, they still had features — including an “identical formal road, always oriented northeast to southwest in keeping with the mid-year summer solstice, connected to a central plaza” — indicative of “regional planning and political organisation that are hallmarks of urban society,” according to the full statement given from the University of Florida.

“These are not cities, but this is urbanism, built around towns,” Heckenberger said. “They have quite remarkable planning and self-organization, more so than many classical examples of what people would call urbanism.”

The sense of Climate change that ancient civilisations had were killed by invasions, wars, and destruction of cultures and land of any form. How ancient civilisations were utilising planning and urbanism by cultivating their habits throughout generations were taken away from them and future civilisations in areas who already developed that method throughout generational self-organisation practices. By promoting invasion with death and destruction other civilisations who already had lost those knowledges by the same way, perpetuated even more destruction. It was invisible to the era that Climate Change existed in the same sense as it does to us, but intuitively they cultivated theses characteristics of self-preservation. A catastrophe was perpetuated by humans when those man and woman way of life were taken away from them together with their lives. Their knowledge of the region and ecosystem preservation were extricated from the region.

Today drastic changes on many regions of the earth are causing extreme environmental weather, by the emission of greenhouses gases from human activities affecting global temperatures greatly to wars. The impact might not be noticeable by those who never read about the consequences of human destruction, history and consequences, but global effects of climate changes are in full display Today around the entire world. We have already experienced the effects through severe weather, forest fires (cable wired fires in extreme heat temperatures inside underground of urban areas - or - electrical wires burning in flames on pavements during heat waves on regions affected by over-heating, are adding now to the problem, adding Planet Earth into the eye of the storm. The forest fires, hurricanes and heat waves are the most common effects of climate change, together with floods and storms promoted by extreme weather pattern changes. The frequency and intensity of all those events around the world are consequences of the Climate Change.

National Geographic published in May this year: "There's a distinction that needs to be made when it comes to the relationship between climate change and extreme environmental events. Climate change has not been proven to directly cause individual extreme environmental events, but it has been shown to make these events more destructive, and likely happen more frequently, than they normally would be. And the change is caused by greenhouse gas emissions - carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, trap heat within Earth's atmosphere, causing the planet to warm up. So the number of extreme weathers and severe destruction will keep increasing on earth." - It threatens human life on earth in its very own existence. Not only because of the exhaustion of fumes caused by industrialisation, but because Today we know it has been already a permanent feature of human existence together with its own promoted self-destruction.

The increase of extreme weather patterns - Climate Change - within the political and eco or non-ecosystems scenarios implemented Today on earth, already affects all regions of the planet. The destructions of Amazon rivers for example is affecting Britain, as the destruction of Congo Forests is affecting China and Australia. Around the world we are already seeing existent proof of side effects of it. Some researches shown that climate change played a part on the spread of coronaviruses on earth, and that by Polar ice shields melting on one side of the globe, the sea is rising at another, as much as high temperatures are rising and forest fires throughout planet earth are becoming a constant especially during dry periods of rain and summer heat waves.The creation of deserted lands, are an open field for the birth of natural disturbance of events of extraordinary magnitude and life destruction, such as tornados, which is affecting not only nature but urban areas Today. One of the most 'rare' destructive tornados on earth happened in Puerto Rico two months ago and wreak havoc the City of Arecibo, threatening all kinds of life on that region.

The problem started invisible to most humans un-acknowledgeble and small until it became a constant pattern and a set of catastrophic events and destructions started taking place on earth and it became evident and consecutively unavoidable.

By studying natural events over the centuries. Extreme weather, rainfall and flooding, are already contaminating drinkable water Today, threatening living areas and food chain systems, with the contamination of rivers causing the destruction of food chain supplies, essential to human life on earth, by becoming a constant. The elevation of contamination also can interfere on the number of health disparities, such as cases of Cancer and other abnormalities on health and disease developments in areas that are already polluted and contaminated by other factors, altering the development and destruction of life, affecting the entire ecosystem on planet earth directly.

Climate Change is considered as number one priority of cause of serious threat of life of every living being on planet earth Today.

Scientists agree that climate change does not directly cause armed conflicts, but that it may indirectly increase the risk of conflict by exacerbating existing social, economic and environmental factors. For example in places with lack of strong governance, industrialisation can destroy rivers, making it impossible for the local farmer or fisherman to obtain its food, creating conflicts and disagreements as the creation of rebellious groups. Tensions in regions of war can cause mass migration and increase poverty, low IQ population and overpopulation, as also driving poverty on neighbour countries even higher for example, which can also put those countries food chain systems in jeopardy and create even more tensions and wars.

Natural environments are often contaminated and damaged by warfares, which also means water, soil and land contamination are accelerated by wars. The destruction and displacement of these regions in large scale, accelerate the destruction of natural resources in other places too, putting our own way of living at risk and promoting weather disparities. Climate conditions is seen within smaller time frames during times, such as months, years and seasons. Variations as such can cause frequency, and those frequencies is what establish the climate change of one region and consecutively spiralling to the entire planet. If not taken action for example, some regions of the earth can become inundated with polluted waters and completely unable for living, farming or survival, they can too be left to dry conditions as well, with no rains for months, sometimes years, creating deserts and disabling the land for living and survival. Climate Change Today is putting the world on fire, and it is one of the biggest threats in the world, rising temperatures, disrupting basic ways of survival and our own way of living, threatening life on earth as we know it. Leaving earth in the eye of the storm.